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Delivery
Gynecologic Laparoscopy
A laparoscope is similar to a hysteroscope, but it is inserted into the pelvic and abdominal cavities to diagnose and treat gynecologic conditions. Instead of using fluid to expand the cavity, carbon dioxide gas is used to visualise the internal organs. A camera is attached to guide the surgeon and record the findings in photographs.
Laparoscopy is used to diagnose and treat a variety of conditions, including chronic pelvic pain, endometriosis, fibroid tumours, infertility, and ovarian cyst.
Many surgical procedures that previously required larger abdominal incisions are now performed laparoscopically.
Some of the laparoscopic procedures are:
- Gynecologic cancer staging
- Hysterectomy (the removal of the uterus, with or without the cervix).
- Myomectomy (the removal of fibroids)
- Sterilisation (tubal ligation).
- Tubal Reanastomosis
Hysteroscopy
The primary purpose of hysteroscopy is to diagnose and treat the causes of abnormal uterine bleeding. The procedure allows your surgeon to look inside your uterus using a hysteroscope. A hysteroscope is a thin, lighted tube that a surgeon inserts into your vagina to examine your cervix and uterus.
- Gynecologic cancer staging
- Hysteroscopy can be used both for diagnostic and treatment purposes.
- Some conditions for hysteroscopy are :
- Polyps and fibroids
- Adhesions: Also known as Asherman’s syndrome
- Septums: Hysteroscopy can help you determine if you have a uterine septum, which is a malformation (defect) of the uterus that occurs from birth.
- Diagnose the cause of repeated miscarriages or fertility problems.
- Locate an intrauterine device (IUD).
- Diagnose and remove placental tissue after birth.
Endometriosis
Endometriosis is a painful condition in which tissue that resembles the inner lining of the uterus grows outside the uterus. It usually affects the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and pelvic tissue. Endometriosis growths can occasionally be found outside of the pelvic organs.
The primary symptom of endometriosis is pelvic pain. It's frequently associated with menstrual periods. Although many people experience cramping during their periods, those with endometriosis frequently report severe menstrual pain. The pain may worsen over time.
Common signs of endometriosis include:
- Gynecologic cancer staging
- Painful periods
- Pain during or after sex is common with endometriosis.
- Pain with bowel movements or urination
- Excessive bleeding
- Infertility
Hysterectomy
A hysterectomy is a surgery that removes the uterus. After a hysterectomy, you will not be able to menstruate or become pregnant. Uterus removal is a common treatment for a variety of conditions affecting a woman's reproductive system.
Different kinds of hysterectomy
Total hysterectomy involves removing your uterus and cervix while leaving your ovaries.
Supracervical hysterectomy is the removal of only the upper part of the uterus while leaving the cervix intact.
Total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy involves removing your uterus, cervix, fallopian tubes (salpingectomy), and ovaries. If you have not yet experienced menopause, removing your ovaries will cause menopausal symptoms.
Radical hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy involves removing your uterus, cervix, fallopian tubes, ovaries, the upper portion of your vagina, and some surrounding tissue and lymph nodes. This type of hysterectomy is performed when cancer is present.
Why is a hysterectomy performed?
- Gynecologic cancer staging
- Abnormal or excessive vaginal bleeding that is not controlled by other treatments.
- Severe menstrual pain that does not respond to other treatments
- Leiomyomas, also known as uterine fibroids, are benign tumours.
- Increased pelvic pain due to your uterus that is not relieved by other treatments.
- Uterine prolapse (the uterus has "dropped" into your vaginal canal as a result of weakened support muscles) can cause urinary incontinence or difficulty bowel movements.
- Cancer prevention involves screening for cervical or uterine cancer, as well as abnormalities that may lead to cancer.
- Hyperplasia, recurrent uterine polyps, and adenomyosis are all examples of uterine lining conditions.
Cystectomy
Cystectomy is a complex surgical procedure in which a surgeon removes some or all of your urinary bladder Surgeons typically perform a cystectomy to treat bladder cancer. Cystectomy is occasionally performed to treat benign (non-cancerous) bladder and urinary system conditions.A cystectomy is also known as bladder removal surgery.
Myomectomy
Myomectomy is a procedure for removing uterine fibroids, which are benign (noncancerous) growths in the uterus. It can be done using open surgery or minimally invasive techniques. Myomectomy, which removes the fibroids while leaving the uterus intact, is a treatment option for women who want to preserve their fertility.
Reasons to consider a myomectomy.
Many women who have uterine fibroids do not experience any symptoms. When they do, medications, hormonal therapies, and other nonsurgical treatments may be helpful.
If these treatments do not effectively treat severe symptoms, doctors may recommend myomectomy. Women who experience severe symptoms, such as:
- Gynecologic cancer staging
- Bleeding in between periods
- Heavy and prolonged bleeding during periods, with blood clots.
- Pain during intercourse
- Pelvic pain, especially during periods.
- Problems during pregnancy
- Subfertility or infertility
- Frequently urinating
- Constipation
A myomectomy is a treatment option for uterine fibroids that enables future pregnancies. Another surgical option is a hysterectomy, which removes the uterus and may be appropriate for women who do not want to become pregnant again.
